The First Taiwan Strait Crisis took place in 1954 and 1955 and involved the People's Republic of China carrying out artillery strikes against, but failing to capture the Nationalist outposts of the islands of Kinmen and Matsu, separated from the Mainland by only a few kilometres. However, they managed to gain control of the islands of Yijiangshan and Tachen.
The crisis demonstrated the ROC's vulnerabilities and prompted the US to sign the US-Taiwan Mutual Defence Treaty and pass the Formosa Resolution in 1954 and 1955 respectively.
